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Explain the difference between Internet, Intranet and Extranet. All three are terminologies of how a network can be accessed. They define the access levels for each user which is present inside and outside the network. Internet: In this, all applications can be accessed from anywhere by anyone over the worldwide web. Intranet : It limits access for users in the same organization. All users outside the organization cannot access this network. Extranet: When external users are allowed to access a network of an organization then it is extranet. They are provided access to a limited application in the organization. #internet #intranet #extranet #network #web

32.  What is 127.0.0.1 and localhost? The IP address 127.0.0.1 is reserved for localhost connections. These local host networks are reserved for the biggest customers or some very important people on the internet. To check whether the local host server is working fine you must ping the server and check for its response. If it is not responsible then the reason can be that the server is down or the network card is not in good condition. 127.0.0.1 is a loopback connection and if you get a response for this then it signifies that your hardware is in good condition. #localhost #ping #server #network

 31. What are the uses of cross and standard cables?  A network cable is necessary to connect all systems to be in a network together. This cable can either be straight or crossover. Both these cables have different arrangements which are required for different purposes. A straight cable can be used to connect a computer to a switch, hub, modem or a router to the switch. A crossover cable is used when a computer is to be connected to a computer or a switch with a switch or a hub with a hub. #cable #standard #straightthrough #hub #switch

30. Explain in short the meanings of PAN, LAN, HAN, SAN, and WAN. PAN: This signifies Personal Area Network. It is a connection which is used by a person. LAN: This stands for Local Area Network and is a connection of all computers in a small location like school, office, etc. HAN: This stands for Home Area Network and helps in connecting devices from some PCs, phone, fax machines, etc. SAN: This stands for Storage Area Network. It is a connection between different storage devices. WAN: This is an acronym for Wide Area Network. It connects various devices, phones, printers, etc. over a wide network which can be different cities or countries and even continents. #lan #wan #pan #san #han #network

 29. Explain the seven layers of the OSI reference model. Below are the seven layers of the OSI reference model: Physical Layer: This layer converts data bits into radio signals. An example of this is Ethernet. Data Link layer: At data link layer data packets are encoded and decoded and are provided to node data transfer. Network Layer: This layer transfers variable length data from one node to another. This data is known as datagram. Transport Layer: This layer transfers data between different nodes and keeps giving acknowledgments for data packets. It keeps track of all transmissions and transmission failures. Session Layer: This layer manages connections between different systems on a network. It helps in establishing coordinating and terminating connections between all applications. Presentation Layer: It transforms data into the form which application layer will accept. Application Layer: This is the last layer which both end user and application interact with. Th...

26. What do you mean by Decoder? A decoder is a program which converts the encrypted data into its actual format. #decoder #program #encryption #format

24. What do you mean by SLIP protocol? SLIP stands for Serial Line Interface Protocol. It is used for sending IP datagram over a network in a single line. #slip #protocol #ip #datagram #layer

22. What do you mean by ASCII? ASCII is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. #ascii #information #table

22. What do you mean by NIC? NIC stands for Network interface card. It is an adapter that will be installed on the computer and because of that NIC, only that computer will interact with the network. #nic #network #computer #interface 

20. What do you mean by a Proxy server and how to protect it? Proxy servers are servers that prevent external users who are not authorized to access an IP address from accessing it. When data transmission comes into picture IP addresses are required and so are DNS which route the correct IP address to the domain name. Proxy servers also maintain the list of all blacklisted websites so that all internal users are automatically prevented from any attacks from viruses, worms, etc. #proxy #server #unauthorized #ipaddress

19. What do you mean by DNS?        DNS Stands for Domain Name System. It’s an internet address mapping process with the local name. We can also can it as an internet phonebook.         It is a naming system which includes physical nodes and its applications. DNS is a way of finding a resource easily over a network. It gives a name to a particular IP address. It is always easy to remember xyz.com that an IPV4 address or IPV6 address. Domain Name system is responsible for assigning Domain names by mapping corresponding IP addresses and works in a hierarchical way. #dns #internet #address #internet

18. What do you mean by a Firewall? Firewall is a concept of a security system that will helps computers to protect it with unauthorized access or any cyber-attack. It averts malignant access from computers outside the network. A firewall also works when you want to limit access to outside users. A firewall mainly consists of hardware devices, software programs or a combination of both these. All the messages coming from a network or going to a network have to pass through this firewall. Firewalls are examined by security criteria and the messages which meet these criteria are passed through the network. If the message does not fulfill the criteria then the message is blocked and not sent to the network further. Firewalls can be installed like any software and can be later customized as per needs for getting control over features and security. #firewall #security #system #access #cyber

14. What is the OSI model? OSI model stands for Open System Interconnection. It’s a reference model which describes how different applications will communicate with each other over the computer network. #osi #network #application #system #interconnection

 13. What is Routers?  A router is a physical device which is a gateway between two networks. It does the job of forwarding the data packets from one network to another and builds an interconnection link between the two networks. #router #source #destination #data

12. What do you mean by Network Topology? A network topology is a physical structure of the network which defines how the computers or node will be connected to each other. #network #topology #computer #connected 

11. What do you mean by Network? Set of devices connected to each other over the physical medium is known as a computer network. For example the Internet. #network#device #computer

9) What is a subnet mask? A subnet mask is combined with an IP address in order to identify two parts: the extended network address and the host address. Like an IP address, a subnet mask is made up of 32 bits.       #subnetmask #networkid #hostid #ipaddress

8) What is anonymous FTP? Anonymous FTP is a way of granting user access to files in public servers. Users that are allowed access to data in these servers do not need to identify themselves, but instead, log in as an anonymous guest. #ftp #user #files #server #data #login 

7) What is point to point link? It refers to a direct connection between two computers on a network. A point to point connection does not need any other network devices other than connecting a cable to the NIC cards of both computers. #ppp #protocol #network #computer #nic #devices

6) What are routers? Routers can connect two or more network segments. These are intelligent network devices that store information in its routing tables such as paths, hops, and bottlenecks. With this info, they are able to determine the best path for data transfer. Routers operate at the OSI Network Layer. #routers #network #device #routingtable #path #hob #datatransfer #osi #networklayer