Explain the seven layers of the OSI reference model.

 29. Explain the seven layers of the OSI reference model.

Below are the seven layers of the OSI reference model:

Physical Layer: This layer converts data bits into radio signals. An example of this is Ethernet.
Data Link layer: At data link layer data packets are encoded and decoded and are provided to node data transfer.
Network Layer: This layer transfers variable length data from one node to another. This data is known as datagram.
Transport Layer: This layer transfers data between different nodes and keeps giving acknowledgments for data packets. It keeps track of all transmissions and transmission failures.
Session Layer: This layer manages connections between different systems on a network. It helps in establishing coordinating and terminating connections between all applications.
Presentation Layer: It transforms data into the form which application layer will accept.
Application Layer: This is the last layer which both end user and application interact with. This layer provides services like email, file transfer, etc.


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